Thought for the Week

 

3 August 2008 – Eleventh Sunday after Trinity

 

Collect:

O God, You declare your almighty power most chiefly in showing mercy and pity:

mercifully grant to us such a measure of your grace,

that we, running the way of your commandments,

may receive your gracious promises,

and be made partakers of your heavenly treasure;

through Jesus Christ your Son our Lord,

who is alive and reigns with you,

in the unity of the Holy Spirit,

one God, now and for ever. Amen.

 

Readings:

Isaiah 55, 1 - 5

 

Psalm 145, 8 – 9 & 15 - 22

 

Romans 9, 1 – 15

 

Matthew 14, 13 – 21                     

 

I have in front of me, a checkout ticket from one of the Toulouse Hypermarkets.  I only bought four things costing just over five Euros altogether.  Yet this checkout ticket has printed on it 92 digits, and that’s not counting the letters.  Perhaps that is why they call this the digital age.  Like it or not, we live surrounded by numbers.

 

In the ancient world, that was not the case.  I am told that there are tribes in the remoter parts of the world where their counting system goes: one, two, many.  Ah the hours of mental torture that an accident of birth inflicted on me in maths classes at school!  Imagine filling in your tax return under such a system – bliss!  And, best of all, I would never be late for anything, ever again!  The Jews have a decimal system of counting, but they had no separate characters for numbers; they simply used the first ten letters of their alphabet to represent the digits, then the next ten to represent decades, and then the rest of the letters to represent centuries.  Since they only have 23 letters in their alphabet, numbers over four hundred get a bit complicated.  They also had no zero, which was invented much later by the Arabs, so arithmetic was a bit tricky.  Also, they used “seventy” to mean a large number, just as today, we might say “hundreds”.  Where we would say, “Oh, there were hundreds of people there,” they would say, “Oh, there were seventy people there.”

 

For all these reasons, whenever you come across numbers in the Bible, they always  mean a great deal more than the digits on my checkout ticket.  If I said five and two to you, what would come into your mind?  Five-a-side football, and two teams perhaps?  Fifty-two weeks in a year perhaps?  Five fingers and two hands?  Bingo numbers?  Part of your car registration?  Part of your burglar alarm code?  There are probably as many possibilities as there are people hearing or reading this homily. 

 

But picture, if you can, a society where numbers are little used, and where they are precious and important things, not to be taken lightly.  If you said five and two to a Jew at the time of Jesus, he would instantly think of his Bible.  The first five books of the Old Testament, as we know it, are the Torah, the Law of Moses.  And then there were the two other components of the Jewish Bible, the Prophets and the Writings.  Together with the Torah, the Prophets and the Writings make up the Old Testament.  If, as most scholars believe, Matthew was using the methods of the Rabbis to teach the Christian Faith, he has here taken a saying of Jesus, “Man cannot live by bread alone, but by every word that proceeds out of the Mouth of God”, and explained it in the context of a story from the life of Jesus. 

 

And the twelve baskets?  The twelve tribes of Israel, of course.  The word of God is to feed God’s chosen people, the Jews, and all of us who are “adopted” children too.  But there are twelve Apostles, and just as the Tribes served God, and his chosen people down the generations in Ancient Israel, so the Apostles and their successors, the Bishops, are to serve God and his Church.  Perhaps each Apostle collected a basketful of scraps, just as the Apostles would be responsible for the Churches in years to come.

 

And why five thousand?  Good question.  Perhaps it would remind a Jew of the thousands of people who obey the law of Moses, in the five books of the Torah.  At any rate, here was a miracle of a wholly greater order of magnitude than Elijah’s – he fed a hundred people with twenty small barley loaves.  Jesus on the other hand, feeds five thousand men (apart from women and children), with just five small barley loaves and two little fishes, described by Mark as a child’s picnic.

 

Of course the story of the feeding of the five thousand works at many different levels.  Interestingly, there are only two miracles recorded in all four Gospels, the resurrection, and this one, the feeding of the Five Thousand.  Something here is really important. At its most basic and obvious, it is always God Who feeds his children.  At the Offertory, do we not say “All things come from You, O God, and of your own do we give You”?  In a world where everything comes weighed out, vacuum-packed and with an audit trail from farm to plate, it is easy to lose sight of the fact that we owe absolutely everything to God.  You might have noticed that in this story, nobody asks Jesus to feed them.  God’s generosity is not dependent on any actions that we take, or fail to take;  his abundance is completely unconditional.

 

Then there is the time-line.  God is the same yesterday, today and for ever.  Elijah, the great prophet, took bread, gave thanks, and broke it, and used his servant to distribute it.  The people were miraculously fed, and there was lots left over then too.  Before that, Moses, just after crossing the Red Sea, prayed to God, and the people were fed in the wilderness by Manna from heaven, the bread of the Angels.  Today’s Gospel reading misses it out, but Matthew sets the feeding of the five thousand in the desert, just after Jesus crosses the water, just like the children of Israel were fed in the wilderness by Manna from heaven after crossing the Red Sea.  For Matthew, Jesus is both the new Elijah, and the new Moses.  It should come as no surprise at all that Jesus does the same things as Moses and Elijah.  Are not we all made in the image of God?  How much more then, should the greatest figures in the Old Testament not behave in the same way as the Lord?

 

But Matthew is not just looking back in time, as though to some past golden era.  He may have had Rabbinic training like Saint Paul, in fact, he probably did, but he had a pretty realistic view of the Children of Israel during the times of both Moses and Elijah.  Not for Matthew a past golden age; he knew all too well how God’s Chosen People failed to live up to their calling time and again. 

 

Matthew is much more interested in the future, when the Messiah will reign.  Ideas, brilliant though they may be, like the Holiness Code in Leviticus, are not powerful enough to redeem us.  We need a Messiah, not a code of practice.   Many Jews expected the coming of the Messiah to be accompanied by miraculous feeding, Manna, the bread of heaven, which their ancestors had eaten in their wanderings in the wilderness during the Exodus. 

 

At the feeding of the five thousand, as at the Last supper, it is Jesus Who takes the initiative, in both cases rather to the disciples’ consternation.  The disciples are dismayed at the scale of the problem Jesus sets them – “You feed them”.  Here, surely, is a firm boot in the Church’s backside, when we look at the slender resources we have, and the all-embracing mission we have been given!  But our heavenly Father knows our needs before we do, and takes care of them unconditionally. 

 

What we have to do, is, as Jesus says, “Bring them here to me.”  (Did He mean the people, or the loaves and fishes?  Both, maybe?)  Jesus does exactly the same as at the Last Supper.  He takes the bread, gives thanks to God, He breaks it, and gives it to the people, just as we do Sunday by Sunday at the Eucharist, in Remembrance of Him. 

 

And there’s another little clue – Matthew follows mark in recording that the grass was green.  Usually in Palestine, the grass was burnt brown; normally only in the spring, the time of the Passover and the Last Supper was it green.  Incidentally, there is some evidence to suggest that in the early church, it was bread and fish that were used at the Eucharist, rather than bread and wine.  The Greek word for fish is ICTHUS (ίχθΰς, or in capitals ΙΧΘΥΣ), which is made up of the initials letters of the Greek words “Jesus Christ God’s Son, Saviour.  The fish sign was used extensively as a secret sign by the persecuted early Church to indicate where meetings were taking place, and today you can buy a little silver fish sign to stick on the back of your car.  If you do this, please remember to drive very courteously – not an easy thing in France!

 

It is in the ordinary that we see God’s hand at work.  He both feeds us physically, and spiritually.  As part of human nature, we need food and drink.  But, as thinking, praying, social beings, we need more than that.  As Isaiah put it, in our first reading today, we need the wine and milk without money and without price.  In our number-obsessed society, where so many know the cost of everything and the value of nothing, is it not a paradox that our deepest needs should be met by God for free? 

 

Let us then take away with us the two commands of Jesus from today’s Gospel, “You feed them” and “Bring them to me”.  They are really one command, for the two things are the same, but Jesus’ words are not just addressed to the Apostles, but to all of us.  May God bless you as you feed his children by bringing them to Him.  Amen.

Father Charles Howard: Anglican Chaplaincy of Midi-Pyrénées & Aude

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